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United States Conference of Catholic Bishops

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United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
AbbreviationUSCCB
FormationJuly 2001; 23 years ago (2001-07)
TypeNon-governmental organization
Legal statusCivil nonprofit
Purpose
  • To act collaboratively and consistently on vital issues confronting the Church and society.
  • To foster communion with the Church in other nations, within the Church universal, under the leadership of its supreme pastor, the Roman Pontiff.
  • To offer appropriate assistance to each bishop in fulfilling his particular ministry in the local Church.
[1]
HeadquartersWashington, D.C.
Region served
United States
MembershipActive and retired Catholic bishops of the United States
President
Timothy Broglio
Main organ
Conference
Affiliations
BudgetUS$180 million
Staff300
Websiteusccb.org

The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) is the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in the United States. Founded in 2001 after the merger of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops (NCCB) and United States Catholic Conference (USCC),

The organization is a registered corporation based in Washington, D.C. As with all bishops' conferences, certain[which?] decisions and acts of the USCCB must receive the recognitio, or approval, of the Roman dicasteries, which are subject to the immediate and absolute authority of the Pope.

As of November 2022, the USCCB president is Timothy Broglio, archbishop for the Military Services, USA. The vice president is William E. Lori, archbishop of Baltimore.[2]

Structure

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The USCCB is composed of all active and retired members of the Catholic hierarchy in the United States and the territory of the U.S. Virgin Islands. This includes archbishops, bishops, coadjutors, auxiliary bishops and the ordinary of the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter. The other American territories and commonwealths are not part of the USCCB.[3]

History

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During the 19th century, the bishops in the United States met periodically to discuss issues facing the American church and to set policies and rules for its operation, with approval from the Vatican. As the American church grew and new circumstances arose, the need for more regular meetings soon became apparent.

National Catholic War Council

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Further information: National Catholic War Council
See also: National Catholic Community Service

With the American entry into World War I in April 2017, the American Catholic hierarchy realized that it needed to provide chaplains and other services to Catholic soldiers serving in the United States and France. It would also need to raise funds from dioceses around the country to support these services.[4]

In August 1917, each bishop in the United States sent one priest and one lay person to meet at the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. The organizers also invited members of the Catholic press and religious institutes.[4]The 1917 meeting at Catholic University ended with the founding of the first national organization of Catholic bishops in the United States, the National Catholic War Council (NCWC).[4] In December 1917, the American bishops decided to place the NCWC directly under their control.

National Catholic Welfare Council

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Pope Benedict XV (1915)
Main article: National Catholic Welfare Council

With the end of World War I, the general feeling among the American Catholic hierarchy was that they should create a new association of bishops to build on the successes of the NCWC. The American bishops met in February 1919 at Catholic University to discuss this new organization along with other matters. By the end of the meeting, they had decided to hold a yearly conference of what was now called the National Catholic Welfare Council (also known as NCWC)[5]

The bishops also created an administrative committee with seven members to manage the daily business of the NCWc between plenary meetings. Archbishop Edward Hanna of San Francisco was named as the first committee chair. The NCWC headquarters was established in Washington, D.C. The first meeting of bishops was set for September 1919.[4] In 1919, Pope Benedict XV urged the bishops to assist him in promoting the labor reforms first articulated by Pope Leo XIII in Rerum novarum.

National Catholic Welfare Conference

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Main article: National Catholic Welfare Conference

However, the NCWC soon faced opposition. In February 2020, Archbishop William O'Connell, leader of one of the largest archdiocese in the nation, petitioned the Consistorial Congregation in Rome to ban the NCWC. He claimed that it reflected Gallicanism and diminished the authority of the bishops. Several NCWC members protested the suppression to Pope Benedict XV, saying that the dissolution of the NCWC would make the bishops look autocratic. The pope agree to lift the suppression, but asked the bishops to change the organization's name in 1922 to the National Catholic Welfare Conference.[4]

National Conference of Catholic Bishops and United States Catholic Conference

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In 1966, the American bishops decided to split the NCWC into two organizations with different focuses, but common goals.

  • The National Conference of Catholic Bishops (NCCB) was created to work on church affairs within the United States.
  • The United States Catholic Conference (USCC) would concentrate on the Catholic church and American society.[5]

United States Conference of Catholic Bishops

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The bishops in 2001 decided to recombine the NCCB and the USCC into one organization, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB).[6]

Sexual abuse crisis

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Starting in the 1980s and continuing into the 21st century, the American Catholic church was hit with a huge wave of allegations of sexual abuse by priests and bishops of children, along with revelations of coverups and mismanagement of the scandal by American bishops. The common reassignment by bishops of clergy accused of abuse from parish to parish was considered to have allowed the abuse to proliferate.[7]The initial USCCB response to the crisis was widely criticized, both within and outside the Catholic church.[8]

In June 2002, the USCCB unanimously passed the Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People, referred to as the Dallas Charter.[9] The charter committed the American Catholic Church to providing a "safe environment" for all children and youth participating in church-sponsored activities.. To accomplish this, the American bishops pledged to establish uniform procedures for handling sex-abuse allegations against priests, lay teachers in Catholic schools, parish staff members, coaches and other people who dealt with children.[10][11] It also adopted a "zero tolerance" policy towards these people for sexual abuse.[12][13]

In 2004, the USCCB commissioned the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York to conduct an independent investigation to determine the scope of sexual abuse allegations from 1950 to 2002. The college produced the John Jay Report [14]

Leadership of José Gómez

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Cardinal Blaise Cupich (2021)
Archbishop José Gómez (2015)

During the 2020 George Floyd protests, USCCB president Archbishop José Horacio Gómez issued a statement citing Martin Luther King Jr.'s words that "riots are the language of the unheard".[15]

In 2020, some conservative American bishops complained after Gómez congratulated US Senator Joe Biden, a Catholic, on his election as president of the United States. In response, Gómez formed a working group to address the "confusion" that could be caused by Catholic politicians who support policies that contravene Catholic teaching.[16][17]

On January 20, 2021, inauguration day in the United States, Gómez sent Biden a congratulatory letter saying that he was "praying that God grant him wisdom and courage to lead this great nation and that God help him to meet the tests of these times. " However, Gómez also stated that some of Biden's policies,

"...would advance moral evils and threaten human life and dignity, most seriously in the areas of abortion, contraception, marriage, and gender. Of deep concern is the liberty of the Church and the freedom of believers to live according to their consciences."[18]

Several bishops, including Cardinal Blase J. Cupich of Chicago, objected to the Gómez letter. Cupich that individuals within the USCCB drafted the letter without first consulting the administrative committee. He described as an "institutional failure" that the bis bishops were not allow to harmonize their message prior to the letter's release. In what America called a "rare rebuke", [19]Cupich released two statements, one of which said,

"Today, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops issued an ill-considered statement on the day of President Biden's inauguration. Aside from the fact that there is seemingly no precedent for doing so, the statement, critical of President Biden, came as a surprise to many bishops, who received it just hours before it was released."[18][19]

On March 30, 2021, Gómez wrote to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) in Rome He told the CDF that the USCCB was drafting a document on the worthiness of Catholic politicians to receive communion. Cardinal Luis Ladaria, prefect of the CDF, replied on May 7th, cautioning the USCCB to preserve unity in discussing anti-abortion issues. Ladaria also said that abortion and euthanasia were not the only grave issues of Catholic moral teaching.[20][21][22] [23]He further stated that any new USCCB provision had to respect the rights of individual bishops in their diocese and the prerogatives of the Vatican.[24]In April 2021, the Gómez working group announced that it was drafting a new document on communion.[25]

Regions

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For a list of regions, see List of Catholic dioceses (structured view) § Episcopal Conference of the United States of America.
The USCCB divides the Latin Church dioceses of the United States into fourteen geographical regions, while a fifteenth region consists of the Eastern Catholic eparchies and exarchate.

The dioceses of the United States are grouped into fifteen regions. Fourteen of the regions (numbered I through XIV) are geographically based, for the Latin Catholic dioceses and the non-territorial Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of St. Peter (part of Region X). The Eastern Catholic eparchies (dioceses) constitute Region XV.

Initiatives

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National Right to Life Committee (1968–1973)

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Main article: National Right to Life Committee

During the 1960s, women's movements started working on the state level to provide abortion rights for women. To combat these movements, the NCCB in April 1967 appointed Reverend James T. McHugh during April 1967 to help coordination a national Catholic counter responses. [26]

In 1968, the NCCB founded the National Right to Life Committee (NRLC), headed by attorney Juan Ryan. Its goal was to coordinate information and strategy between Catholic anti-abortion groups. As of 2024, the NRLC has affiliates in all 50 states with over 3,000 local chapters.[26] These NRLC affiliate groups were forming in response to efforts to change abortion laws based on model legislation proposed by the American Law Institute (ALI) in Philadelphia. New Jersey.

The NRLC held its first national meeting of chapter leaders in Chicago in 1970 at Barat College. The following year, NRLC held its first convention at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota.

Morality issues

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In 1990, the USCCB hired the public relations firm Hill & Knowlton in New York City to launch a campaign to persuade Catholics and non-Catholics to oppose abortion rights for women.[27]

The USCCB in 2009 issued the Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services.[28][29] It was sued by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) on the grounds that the directive in some cases caused doctors to refuse treatment of women in an emergency medical situation.[30]

In March 2012, regarding the contraception mandate issued as a regulation under the 2010 Affordable Care Act, which required that employers who do not support contraception but are not religious institutions per se must cover contraception via their employer-sponsored health insurance. USCCB decided to "continue its 'vigorous opposition to this unjust and illegal mandate'".[31]

In June and July 2012, the USCCB promoted Fortnight for Freedom, a campaign to protest government activities that the USCCB viewed as impinging on religious liberty.

On June 12, 2020, a USCCB committee praised the Trump Administration for changing a US Department of Health and Human Services ruling regarding sexual discrimination based on gender identity. The statement said that it

"...will help restore the rights of health care providers—as well as insurers and employers—who decline to perform or cover abortions or 'gender transition' procedures due to ethical or professional objections."[32]

Immigration

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In 2014, the USCCB issued a platform on immigration reform:[33][34]

  • Earned legalization for immigrants who are of good moral character to adjust their status to obtain lawful permanent residence after a background check and payment of fines
  • A legal path for foreign-born workers to enter the U.S. for work to alleviate border crossing deaths
  • More visas to promote family reunification as well as a reduction in waiting times
  • Elimination of some of the penalties in the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 such as the three-year and ten-year bans on deported undocumented immigrants (depending on the length of their illegal stay in the U.S.)
  • The root causes of illegal immigrations such as poverty and inequality in sending countries needs to be addressed
  • Enforcement should focus on undocumented immigrants who pose risks to public safety rather than on families seeking employment.

In 2017, Bishop Joe S. Vásquez, the chairman of the USCCB Committee on Migration, criticized Executive Order 13769, issued by the Trump Administration. The order restricted refugees from several predominantly Muslim nations from entering the United States; it also banned refugees from the Syrian Civil War from entering the country.[35] Later that year, the USCCB condemned the Trump administration's cancellation of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program. DACA had allowed nearly 800,000 young people who arrived in the country as children of undocumented immigrants to apply for protection from deportation.[36]

At the 2018 biannual USCCB meeting in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, President Cardinal Daniel DiNardo criticized the Trump administration's policies of family separation of undocumented immigrants and the denial of asylum in the United States to women fleeing domestic violence in their home country.[37]

Gun violence

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The USCCB filed an amicus brief in the 2024 US Supreme Court case of United States v. Rahimi. The USCCB argued that protecting the innocent "is a proper consideration" when regulating firearms:[38]

As the Church teaches, and this Nation's historical traditions demonstrate, the right to bear arms is not an unqualified license that must leave vulnerable family members to live in fear. Abused victims are precisely the people whom a just government is tasked with protecting. The Second Amendment does not stand as a barrier to their safety."[38]

Ecumenical Dialogue

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As of 2021, the USCCB has been in ecumenical discussion with the Pentecostal/Charismatic Churches of North America (PCCNA), as well as discussing the possibility of future theological dialogue between Pentecostalism and Catholicism.[39]

The USCCB is a member of Christian Churches Together, an interdenominational fellowship of Christian denominations and organizations in the United States.

Funding

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The budget for 2018 was US$200 million. Most money is raised through national collections, government grants, and diocesan assessments.[40]

List of past and present leaders

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Presidents

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The list of presidents of the USCCB, who are elected by their brother bishops, the diocese or archdiocese they led during their tenure, and their dates of service as president:[41]

  1. Cardinal John Dearden, Archbishop of Detroit (1966 – 1971)
  2. Cardinal John Krol, Archbishop of Philadelphia (1971 – 1974)
  3. Archbishop Joseph Bernardin, later Cardinal, Archbishop of Cincinnati (1974 – 1977)
  4. Archbishop John R. Quinn, Archbishop of San Francisco (1977 – 1980)
  5. Archbishop John Roach, Archbishop of Saint Paul and Minneapolis (1980 – 1983)
  6. Bishop James William Malone, Bishop of Youngstown (1983 – 1986)
  7. Archbishop John L. May, Archbishop of St. Louis (1986 – 1989)
  8. Archbishop Daniel Edward Pilarczyk, Archbishop of Cincinnati (1989 – 1992)
  9. Cardinal William H. Keeler, Archbishop of Baltimore (1992 – 1995)
  10. Bishop Anthony Pilla, Bishop of Cleveland (1995 – 1998)
  11. Bishop Joseph Fiorenza, later Archbishop, Bishop of Galveston–Houston (1998 – November 13, 2001)
  12. Bishop Wilton Daniel Gregory, later Cardinal, Bishop of Belleville (November 13, 2001 – November 15, 2004)
  13. Bishop William S. Skylstad, Bishop of Spokane (November 15, 2004 – November 13, 2007)
  14. Cardinal Francis George OMI, Archbishop of Chicago (November 13, 2007 – November 16, 2010)
  15. Cardinal Timothy M. Dolan, Archbishop of New York (November 16, 2010 – November 14, 2013)
  16. Archbishop Joseph Edward Kurtz, Archbishop of Louisville (November 14, 2013 – November 15, 2016)
  17. Cardinal Daniel DiNardo, Archbishop of Galveston–Houston (November 15, 2016 – November 12, 2019)
  18. Archbishop José Horacio Gómez, Archbishop of Los Angeles (November 12, 2019 – November 15, 2022)
  19. Archbishop Timothy Broglio, Archbishop for the Military Services, USA (November 15, 2022–present)

Vice-Presidents

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The list of vice-presidents of the USCCB, who are elected by their brother bishops, the diocese or archdiocese they led during their tenure, and their dates of service as vice-president:[41]

  1. Cardinal John Krol, Archbishop of Philadelphia (1966 – 1971)
  2. Coadjutor Archbishop Leo Christopher Byrne, Coadjutor Archbishop of Saint Paul and Minneapolis (1971–1974)
  3. Cardinal John Carberry, Archbishop of St. Louis (1974 – 1977)
  4. Archbishop John Roach (bishop), Archbishop of Saint Paul and Minneapolis (1977 – 1980)
  5. Bishop James William Malone, Bishop of Youngstown (1980 – 1983)
  6. Archbishop John L. May, Archbishop of St. Louis (1983 – 1986)
  7. Archbishop Daniel Edward Pilarczyk, Archbishop of Cincinnati (1986 – 1989)
  8. Archbishop William H. Keeler, later Cardinal Archbishop of Baltimore (1989 – 1992)
  9. Bishop Anthony Pilla, Bishop of Cleveland (1992 – 1995)
  10. Bishop Joseph Fiorenza, later Archbishop, Bishop of Galveston–Houston (1995 – 1998)
  11. Bishop Wilton Daniel Gregory, later Cardinal, Bishop of Belleville (1998 – November 13, 2001)
  12. Bishop William S. Skylstad, Bishop of Spokane (November 13, 2001 – November 15, 2004)
  13. Cardinal Francis George OMI, Archbishop of Chicago (November 15, 2004 – November 13, 2007)
  14. Bishop Gerald Frederick Kicanas, Bishop of Tucson (November 13, 2007 – November 16, 2010)
  15. Archbishop Joseph Edward Kurtz, Archbishop of Louisville (November 16, 2010 – November 14, 2013)
  16. Cardinal Daniel DiNardo, Archbishop of Galveston–Houston (November 14, 2013 – November 15, 2016)
  17. Archbishop José Horacio Gómez, Archbishop of Los Angeles (November 15, 2016 – November 12, 2019)
  18. Archbishop Allen Vigneron, Archbishop of Detroit (November 12, 2019 – November 15, 2022)
  19. Archbishop William E. Lori, Archbishop of Baltimore (November 15, 2022 – present)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "USCCB Mission". United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Archived from the original on November 9, 2017. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
  2. ^ "Archbishop Gomez elected USCCB president; first Latino in post". www.catholicnews.com. November 12, 2019. Archived from the original on November 12, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
  3. ^ "About Us | USCCB". www.usccb.org. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  4. ^ a b c d e "The Formation of the National Catholic War Council, The Origin of the USCCB". Catholic New York. November 14, 2017. Retrieved January 27, 2025.
  5. ^ a b "A Brief History of USCCB | USCCB". www.usccb.org. Retrieved January 27, 2025.
  6. ^ "USCCB Timeline 1917–2017". United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Archived from the original on November 12, 2017. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
  7. ^ Appleby, Scott. "The Church at Risk Remarks to the USCCB. Speech at the USCCB Meeting in Dallas TX June 13, 2002" (PDF). usccb. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 28, 2022. Retrieved March 1, 2024. On this matter of reassigning predator priests, the apologies issuing from bishops and cardinals will not be heard unless and until they go beyond the rhetoric of "mistakes and errors" and name the protection of abusive priests for what it is-- a sin, born of the arrogance of power
  8. ^ Gibson, David. "Catholic bishops finally tackle the sex abuse cover-up. Now comes the hard part". National Catholic Reporter. Religion News Service. Archived from the original on September 24, 2023. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
  9. ^ Roberts, Tom (April 29, 2015). "Annual report on Dallas Charter shows continued decline in number of abuse cases". National Catholic Reporter. Archived from the original on May 8, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  10. ^ United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (2005). "Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People" (PDF). United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 19, 2009. Retrieved October 8, 2007.
  11. ^ "Scandals in the church: The Bishops' Decisions; The Bishops' Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People". The New York Times. June 15, 2002. Archived from the original on July 28, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2008.
  12. ^ Beliefnet.com Archived May 19, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
  13. ^ Paulson, Michael (June 18, 2005). "Catholic bishops retain 'zero tolerance' policy". Boston.com. Archived from the original on April 3, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  14. ^ "The Nature and Scope of Sexual Abuse of Minors By Catholic Priests and Deacons in the United States 195O–2OO2. A Research Study Conducted By The John Jay College of Criminal Justice The City University of New York For The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops" (PDF). USCCB. John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 21, 2024. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
  15. ^ Chappell, Bill (June 3, 2020). "Pope Francis Prays For George Floyd, Decries 'The Sin Of Racism'". NPR. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
  16. ^ Crary, David (November 17, 2020). "Leader of US Catholic bishops: Biden's stances pose dilemma". ABC News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
  17. ^ Boorstein, Michelle (December 9, 2020). "Biden could redefine what it means to be a Catholic in good standing. Catholics are divided on whether that is a good thing". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
  18. ^ a b "In rare rebuke, Cardinal Cupich criticizes USCCB president's letter to President Biden". America Magazine. January 20, 2021. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  19. ^ a b "In Unprecedented Move, Cardinal Cupich Criticizes USCCB Statement on Joe Biden". NCR. January 21, 2021. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
  20. ^ "Cardinal Ladaria to US Bishops: Debate on Communion and abortion should not lead to division". Vatican News. Dicasterium pro Communicatione. May 12, 2021. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2021. Cardinal Luis Ladaria, Prefect for the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, writes to US Bishops urging them to preserve unity amid discussions on anti-abortion issues. He notes that it would be misleading if the impression were given that abortion and euthanasia alone constitute the only grave matters of Catholic moral and social teaching.
  21. ^ Wooden, Cindy (Catholic News Service) (May 10, 2021), "CDF prefect cautions U.S. bishops on politicians and Communion", Chicago Catholic, archived from the original on May 13, 2021, retrieved May 13, 2021
  22. ^ Poggioli, Sylvia (May 11, 2021). "Vatican Warns U.S. Bishops About Denying Communion To Supporters Of Abortion Rights". National Public Radio. Archived from the original on May 13, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2021. The Vatican's top enforcer of doctrine has sent a warning to U.S. bishops about a potential proposal by some conservative clergy to deny communion to Catholic elected officials who support legislation allowing abortion.
  23. ^ Luis F. Card. Ladaria, S.I. (May 7, 2021). "Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith Letter" (PDF). AP News. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 13, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  24. ^ Crary, David (May 10, 2021). "Vatican warns US bishops over get-tough Communion proposals". AP. Archived from the original on June 22, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
  25. ^ Crary, David (April 28, 2021). "US Catholic bishops may press Biden to stop taking Communion". AP. Archived from the original on June 18, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
  26. ^ a b http://www.christianlifeandliberty.net/RTL.bmp Archived March 15, 2021, at the Wayback Machine K.M. Cassidy. "Right to Life." In Dictionary of Christianity in America, Coordinating Editor, Daniel G. Reid. Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1990. pp. 1017,1018.
  27. ^ Goldman, Ari L. (April 6, 1990). "Catholic Bishops Hire Firms To Market Fight on Abortion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 28, 2023. Retrieved March 1, 2024. The nation's Roman Catholic bishops announced yesterday that they had engaged a major public relations firm and a politically connected polling concern in Washington to conduct a nationwide campaign to persuade both Catholics and non-Catholics to oppose abortion. The bishops are expected to spend $3 million to $5 million on the effort over three to five years.
  28. ^ "Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services" (PDF). usccb.org. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 18, 2016. Retrieved October 29, 2016.
  29. ^ "Bishops to Vote on Proposal to Revise 'Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services' at November Meeting". www.usccb.org. Archived from the original on October 29, 2016. Retrieved October 29, 2016.
  30. ^ "Health Care Denied". American Civil Liberties Union. Archived from the original on July 25, 2017. Retrieved October 29, 2016. HEALTH CARE DENIED Patients and Physicians Speak Out About Catholic Hospitals and the Threat to Women's Health and Lives
  31. ^ Meehan, Seth, "Catholics and Contraception: Boston, 1965" Archived March 18, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, March 15, 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
  32. ^ "HHS rule helps 'restore rights of health care providers,' say bishops". www.thebostonpilot.com. Archived from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved June 17, 2020.
  33. ^ "Catholic Church's Position on Immigration Reform". www.usccb.org. Archived from the original on May 19, 2020. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  34. ^ www.tribliveoffers.com https://www.tribliveoffers.com/welcome. Retrieved January 28, 2025. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  35. ^ Timm, Jane C. (January 27, 2017). "Advocacy, Aid Groups Condemn Trump Order as 'Muslim Ban'". NBC News. Archived from the original on September 30, 2018. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
  36. ^ Kelsey, Adam; Stracqualursi, Veronica (September 5, 2017). "Lawmakers, organizations speak out after Trump's decision to end DACA". ABC News. Archived from the original on September 5, 2017. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
  37. ^ Boorstein, Michelle (June 13, 2018). "Catholic bishops call Trump's asylum rules 'immoral,' with one suggesting 'canonical penalties' for those involved". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 26, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
  38. ^ a b Asher, Julie (September 1, 2023). "USCCB argues protecting innocent life must be priority in gun rights case before high court". The Pilot. Vol. 194, no. 33. p. 3.
  39. ^ "USCCB News - Pentecostal/Charismatic Christians and Roman Catholics Engage in Exploratory Ecumenical Dialogue".
  40. ^ "Consolidated financial statements" (PDF). USCCB. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
  41. ^ a b "United States Conference of Catholic Bishops". GCatholic. Archived from the original on November 15, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
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